Category: Pathology
Pathology is the study of diseases affecting humans. Our topics offer insights into various disease mechanisms including their cytological, histological and clinical manifestations.
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This is what granulation tissue formation may cause
The extracellular matrix The Extracellular matrix (ECM) provides the foundation for tissue renewal; supports anchoring, migration, & polarity of cells; controls cell growth & proliferation; strorage & presentation of regulatory molecules (e.g. FGF, HGF). The parts of the ECM include: interstitial matrix and basal membrane. The interstial matrix is the spaces between tissues, while the Read more
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What you should know about cell proliferation
Tissue renewal & cell proliferation Research in the area of regenerative medicine has established hope in the use of stem cells to develop least diving cells. Tissue renewal can be defined by how they can regenerate or repair themselves after damage. Regeneration is the proliferation of cells to completely replace damaged structures. Repair is the Read more
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The disastrous consequences of chronic inflammation
Definition: Chronic inflammation is the prolonged response of inflammatory cells to microbial products and toxic insults. Macrophages are the predominant cells in chronic inflammation. The causes of chronic inflammation include: Unregulated immune reactions as in allergy, & rheumatoid arthritis; stubborn infections resulting in granuloma formation; continuous exposure to toxic substances as in coal and lipid. Read more
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Acute inflammation is the genesis of tissue protection
Acute inflammation may progress to chronic Microbes, necrotic cells and injurious stimuli elicit a response, called “inflammation”. Inflammation is the body’s reaction against injurious stimuli and products of cell injury to repair the cell. It can be acute or chronic. Acute inflammation is an immediate reaction to cell injury or injurious stimuli by the release Read more
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How to identify the molecular changes in pathology
The Pathogenesis and molecular changes in cell injury and necrosis: There are several biochemical and molecular changes evident in cell injury & necrosis. To properly understand these changes let’s discuss the patterns of cell injury and necrosis: Reduced ATP production from hypoxia decreases oxidative phosphorylation of ADP. Inefficient Na+/K+ pump drives Na+, water into the Read more
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Cellular Responses to adaptation, and toxic insults:
Stages of cellular response to stress and injurious stimuli: Normal cells when affected by physiologic stress & injurious stimuli respond by adaptation & cell injury. Both adaptation and cell injury are reversible responses. If cells can’t adapt, it results in cell injury response. When cell injury is mild and temporary, injury becomes reversible. If cell Read more